Paraneoplastic Antibodies (Hu, Yo, Ri)

General Information

Paraneoplastic antibodies are associated with a variety of neurological manifestations that are also associated with, and may be reactive with, an underlying malignancy. The demonstration of these antibodies may initiate a search for covert malignancy. In some cases tumour elimination may result in the reduction in antibody levels and the amelerioration of associated syndromes. Anti-Yo (PCA1) antibodies; associated tumour = Breast and ovarian carcinomas (Anti-Yo antibodies are usually only found in female patients); neurological syndrome = Cerebellar degeneration. Anti-Hu (ANNA1) antibodies; associated tumour = small cell lung carcinoma and neuroblastoma; neurological syndrome = cerebellar ataxia, paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuropathy. Anti-Ri (ANNA2) antibodies; associated tumour = breast, small cell lung carcinoma, gynaecological; neurological syndrome = opsoclonus/myclonus, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, brainstem encephalomyelitis.